Rick Giz on LinkedIn: How the Guinness Brewery Invented the Most Important Statistical Method in… (2024)

Rick Giz

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The Mathematics of Beer Quality – Presenting the Guinness Brewery This article from Scientific American discusses something called a t-test. It’s a well written article; the explanation is concise. But first an interesting oddity: Although the t-test was developed by a statistician while employed at Guinness, the research was published under an assumed name because Guinness did not want to tip off its competitors as to its research. And now for a few pertinent definitions: null hypothesis: The claim that the effect being studied does not exist. t-test:Astatistical test that compares the means of two samples. It is used in hypothesis testing, with a null hypothesis that the difference in group means is zero and an alternate hypothesis that the difference in group means is different from zero. p-value: The probability of obtaining test results at least as extreme as the result actually observed, under the assumption that the null hypothesis is correct. A very small value means that such an extreme observed outcome would be very unlikely under the null hypothesis. #mathematics #statistics #probability #beer #guinness

How the Guinness Brewery Invented the Most Important Statistical Method in Science scientificamerican.com

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It's the weekend, and I want one! How about you? Would you care to join me?

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    "Math-ish: Finding Creativity, Diversity, and Meaning in Mathematics"Dr. Jo Boaler, professor of mathematics education, Stanford University.New book recently published, May 2024. Website: https://www.mathish.org/7 Principles:•The power of mindset on learning•The importance of teaching students how to learn•Utilizing a visual and physical approach to math•Understanding mathematical ideas in the world•The importance of connected and flexible knowledge•Ways to foster equitable relations among groups and individuals•The value of diversity in learning mathematics and beyondSeems like a good teaching reference textbook. But I’m not sure I also need to buy the plushie mascot, appropriately named “ish”. Here’s an article from phys.org which features the book: “The Case for ‘Math-ish’ Thinking”https://lnkd.in/ewaBM2un#mathematics #education

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    Embellishing the ResumeHow true is this of YOU? 😎 #resume #humor

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    Microsoft, 1984. Time Magazine article from 40 years ago this year, April 2024. More than the floppy disk, we love the eyeglasses even more.But how did he manage to get the disk to stand up on edge like that?🤣 #microsoft #billgates #timemagazine

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    The Can of Soup – An Optimization Problem – Minimizing Surface AreaImage credit:Campbell Soup companyMotivation for this post: Campbell's Soup is releasing a limited-edition flavor of grilled cheese and tomato soup, available April 2024 presumably for a limited time. In recognition, a post seemed appropriate but I struggled to find a math theme for it and then this one came to mind.Say I am selling soup, and I want to maximize my profits. I do not want to sacrifice product quality, but I can save money if I minimize the packaging for a given volume.A soup can is a cylinder, and a cylinder can take on many shapes. It can be short and wide, or tall and narrow. The question is which shape uses the least amount of material for a given volume. This translates to finding the minimum surface area of the cylinder.So we must determine the best ratio of the height to the radius, to contain a given volume v. The volume of a cylinder is given by the equation v = pr^2h where r is the radius and h is the height.Solving for the height gives h = v/(pr^2)The total surface area of a cylinder is given by the sum of the areas of 3 different surfaces:the top, the bottom, both of which are circles of radius r, and the side which can be rolled out as a rectangle of height h and length of the circle’s circumference, 2prAdding the areas of the 3 shapes gives 2pr^2 + (2pr)hNext, substitute for the height in terms of the volume and the radius, giving 2pr^2 + (2pr) v/(pr^2) and then simplify to 2pr^2 + 2v/r Next, to determine the minimum surface area, take the derivative with respect to r and set it equal to zero. This produces 4pr - 2v/r^2 = 0Next, solve for the variable v which gives v = 2pr^3Now we have 2 expressions for the volume, v = 2pr^3 and v =pr^2h, where the first is for the minimum surface area and the second is true for any cylinder.Next, set them equal to each other, 2pr^3 = pr^2h, and finally simplify it to h = 2r So the height of the cylinder must be twice the radius, i.e., the optimal ratio of height-to-radius is 2, meaning h/r = 2. This will minimize the surface area for a can of soup, regardless of its volume. It is the optimal solution. To make certain you’ve reached the minimum, you’d need to take the second derivative and observe that it does not go negative. I could have measured cans of soup in my kitchen pantry, but I did not have enough brand variety. So armed with the math formula, I visited the soup isle in the grocery store, and measured cans of different brands. Clerk comes up to me and says “Sir, they all have the same number of ounces, just pick one.” I say “No, see, you don’t understand, it’s not about volume, it’s about surface area.” Clerk says “Sir, we don’t allow math geeks in here. Please leave.” Actually, Campbell’s didn’t do very well. Progresso did better, but still not quite right. #mathematics #optimization #soup

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    The IBM Mainframe – How it Runs and Why it Survives A Deep Dive. This article is a bit lengthy, but worth the read. #mainframe

    The IBM mainframe: How it runs and why it survives arstechnica.com

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    A Mainframe for the Masses·A mainframe computer on a limited budget.·Transactional processing at scale.·ROI in months compared to hyperscale cloud.#mainframe #computing

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    Inflation Running Rampant image credit: MarketWatchInflation today seems to have devalued a dollar to what a cent was worth yesteryear. However, it turns out it’s not inflation. They are actually equal to each other. Spoiler alert: This is an April Fools’ post.say 1 dollar = 100 cents but 100 can be written as 10 squared so 1 dollar = (10 cents) squared or 1 dollar = (0.10 dollars) squaredand because (0.10) squared = 0.01then 1 dollar = 0.01 dollars but 0.01 is one one-hundredths of a dollar and 1 cent is one one-hundredths of a dollarso therefore 1 dollar = 1 centWhere’s the flaw in the math? It’s actually a fairly common error in undergraduate math. Shame! Happy April Fools’ Day!Origin, according to eduww.net:“Day of the Fools. According to one theory, the tradition began with the reformation of the calendar in France in the middle of the 16th century. Then, the New Year was moved from 1st April to 1st January. The term “April Fools” was attributed to those who continued to celebrate the holiday on 1st April.”A few movies on theme:2015 – “April Fools” – comedy drama suspense2007 – “April Fools” – slasher horror 1986 – “April Fools’ Day” – horror mystery 1969 – “The April Fools” – romance (Illicit lovers run away to Paris together.) A song on theme:"Fool (If You Think It's Over)" (Written for a young girl who had just experienced her first heartbreak.)https://lnkd.in/egmvJseV#mathematics #error #humor #aprilfools

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    Happy Pi Day. Pi in Trouble! 😎

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